Calories Needed for Women
How many calories you need depends on various factors, including height, total body weight, ratio of fat to muscle, age, gender, genes and physical exercise. (Plus illness, pregnancy etc.) But usually, a woman's calorie needs can be reasonably accurately assessed by focusing on two calorie components. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and physical exercise.
The calories needed for women are less than those needed for men. That means if both eat the same food portions then the woman may gain weight while the man keeps his trim waistline.
Calories Needed for Women Differ
In general, men have leaner muscle mass than women and as a result will burn more calories. A woman doesn't burn calories as efficiently as a man and needs fewer calories. The caloric requirement for women can also differ from one woman to another. Caloric needs depend on a number of factors that are unique to your physical makeup.
Caloric Need Factors:
- Age
- Gender
- Genes
- Height
- Amount of exercise (activity level)
- Ratio of fat to muscle
- Weight, ratio of fat to muscle
Along with this standard list, you'll also need to take into consideration other variables such as being pregnant, breast feeding, or fighting an illness. All of these factors may increase your caloric need.
How Your Body Burns Calories
You don't want the process of determining how many calories you should eat to become an unsolvable puzzle that makes you throw your hands up in surrender. The easiest way to evaluate your individual caloric needs is to focus on your basal metabolic rate and level of physical exercise.
Basal Metabolic Rate
Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) controls the amount of calories your body burns in order to keep running. Even when your body is at rest, you’re burning calories to keep all of your automatic body functions operating. Your lungs breathe, your eyes blink, your heart pumps, and your liver and kidneys continue to filter your blood. That just skims the surface of the automatic body systems that don’t require your conscious thought in order to function. When it comes to the number of calories women need, more than half of the required calories are used to fuel automatic functions.
Physical Exercise
The second factor to take into consideration when determining caloric needs is your level of physical activity. Physical activity burns calories, and the more you exercise or move around the more calories you need.
Determine Your Caloric Needs
Learning your basal metabolic rate (BMR) and factoring in your physical activity will help you determine how many calories you need in order to maintain your current weight. If you plan to lose weight, then you'll need to burn more calories than you consume. This is the crux of any successful weight loss.
One formula commonly used to determine caloric needs for women is the Harris Benedict Formula. This mathematical formula determines calories needed based on height, weight, gender, and age. The calculation also takes into account your level of exercise and adjusts the caloric intake requirement accordingly.
| Harris Benedict Formula |
To figure out how many calories you need in a day multiply BMR by the most fitting activity factor:
|
It's always beneficial to understand how to calculate the calories you need. If you want to bypass the math, you can try some of the handy online calculators that use the Harris Benedict equation. These online calculators make determining your caloric needs easy.
- * First, calculate your BMR according to this formula:
- 655 + (9.6 x weight in kilos) + (1.8 x height in centimetres) - (4.7 x age in yrs)
- * To Calculate your total calorie needs, multiply your BMR by the appropriate activity multiplier:
Activity Multipliy
- * If you are sedentary (little or no exercise, desk job) multiply BMR by 1.2
- * If you are lightly active (light exercise/sports 1-3 days per week) multiply your BMR by 1.375
- * If you are mod. active (moderate exercise/sports 3-5 days per week) multiply your BMR by 1.55
- * If you take heavy exercise (hard exercise/sports 6-7 days per week) multiply your BMR by 1.725
Eating Too Many Calories
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Economic Research Service, women and men are eating too many calories. It's easy to overeat when you're served giant portions of food. Many advertisements and TV commercials encourage you with slogans that claim you need and deserve a break. All of these messages translate into eating more than you need. Knowing the calories needed for women is a tool you can use to help break this unhealthy trend.
1200 Calorie Menus
Achieve a healthy weight loss by following a balanced daily meal plan based on 1200 calorie menus.
1200 Calories per Day
The way to lose weight is to burn more calories than you take in every day. Eating a balanced 1200 calorie diet each day will help you to reach your weight loss goal. You can expect to lose one to two pounds per week following this type of meal plan.
1200 Calories and the USDA Nutritional Pyramid
When creating 1200 calorie menus, the USDA recommends choosing foods based on the nutritional food pyramid that meets the requirements of most American adults. A 1200-calorie diet using the pyramid as a guide includes:
- 6 ounces of lean meat or other protein
- 5 servings of bread or other starch
- 4 or more servings of vegetables
- 3 servings of fruit
- 2 servings of low fat dairy
- 3 servings of fat
Sample 1200 Calorie Menus
A general guideline on the breakdown of calories throughout the day includes:
- 300 calorie breakfast
- 100 calorie mid morning snack
- 300 calorie lunch
- 50 calorie mid-afternoon snack
- 450 calorie dinner
Snacks can be eaten anytime throughout the day if you prefer a different schedule. For example, many people enjoy a light snack in the evening. Remember calorie totals per meal are a guide and can be modified as needed as long as the total calorie goal for each day remains at 1200.
Day 1
- Breakfast
- 1/2 cup orange juice
- 1/2 banana
- 1 large shredded wheat biscuit
- 1 cup skim milk
- Mid morning snack
- 3 whole-wheat crackers
- 3 ounces low-fat cottage cheese
- Lunch
- 2 slices whole wheat bread (check the calorie count as some breads are sliced thicker or baked in bigger loaves)
- 1 Tablespoon peanut butter
- 1 tablespoon jelly – sugar free
- 1 cup skim milk
- 1 medium size orange
- 2 cups baby carrots
- Mid afternoon snack
- 3 handfuls of unbuttered popcorn, seasoned with herbs
- Dinner
- 5 ounces lean broiled beef
- Small baked potato – 3 ounces
- 1 tablespoon light margarine
- 1 cup of steamed broccoli or asparagus
- 1 cup of mixed greens salad
- 1 tablespoon of light salad dressing
Day 2
- Breakfast
- 2 slices whole wheat toast
- 2 teaspoons light margarine
- 1 cup sliced strawberries
- 1 teaspoon sugar
- 6 ounce container yogert – fat and sugar free
- Mid morning snack
- 2 large graham crackers
- 1 teaspoon peanut butter
- Lunch
- 1 toasted whole wheat English muffin
- 1 ounce low fat cheese of your choice
- 1/2 cup baby carrots
- 1/2 cup light or fat free ice cream
- Mid afternoon snack
- 4 mini rice cakes
- 2 tablespoons low-fat cottage cheese
- Dinner
- 3 ounces lean protein
- 1 medium baked sweet potato
- 2 teaspoons light margarine
- 1 cup steamed broccoli
Online Resources for Menus of 1200 Calories
There are many resources online to help compile 1200-calorie menus. Some of these resources follow the nutritional pyramid while others may not. Here are several of the available resources.
Specialty 1200 Calorie Daily Menus
- The Campbell’s Soup for Life Plan includes soup every day as you follow their 1200-calorie weight loss plan.
- The National Heart and Lung Institute offers a 1200-calorie menu with a delicious Asian American theme.
- A 1200-calorie Laco-Ovo Vegetarian menu loaded with taste even if you are not a vegetarian.
- Mexican- American cuisine complete with a taco and an enchilada make a satisfying 1200 calorie menu.
- Tasty southern style meals make up this 1200 calorie menu.
- Anyone with diabetes needs to take special care when following a diet meal plan. Gluco Menu offers 1200-calorie menus for people suffering from diabetes. Be sure to consult with your physician or nutritionist before starting any diet plan.
More Resources
- Journey Woman offers an excellent list of snacks that are one hundred or less calories.
- The 1200 Calorie A Day Menu Cookbook: Quick and Easy Recipes for Delicious Low Fat Breakfasts, Lunches, Dinners and Desserts by Nancy S. Hughs.
A Word of Caution
Before beginning any diet plan, it is always best to check with your medical practitioner..
Resources
The web is full of free resources for calculating calorie needs, nutritional content and food logging, which is one of the most effective ways of losing weight.
The U.S. Department of Food and Agriculture has a particularly useful food logging site (see Resources) available at www.mypyramidtracker. Here, you can plug in your food choices for the day, and get a running total, not only of calories, but also other nutritional content.
Nutritional Content
The Institute of Medicine recommends getting 45 to 65 percent of your calories from carbohydrates, 20 percent to 35 percent from fat, and 10 to 35 percent from protein. While a reduced carbohydrate diet results in short-term weight loss, this is mostly as a result of reduced water retention, and is not recommended as a long-term nutritional plan.
The easiest way to assemble the building blocks of a balanced meal is to top a mixed vegetable salad with lean protein. A large salad containing half a cup of tuna, some grated cheese, cold boiled potatoes and green beans, and topped with a homemade olive oil vinaigrette--a classic Nicoise--contains about 320 calories, 31 percent from protein, 49 percent from carbohydrates, and 20 percent from fat.
Most health experts also recommend taking a daily multivitamin, and this is especially important when a reduced calorie diet is likely to result in lower nutrient intakes.
Meal Plan
The sample meal plan below contains just under 1,200 calories but is high in nutritional content and includes balanced snacks in the morning and afternoon. Overall, the plan derives 28 percent of its calories from protein, 60 percent from carbohydrates, and 12 percent from fat.
Breakfast
Oatmeal (150 calories)
Morning snack
String cheese and a pear (166 total calories)
Lunch
Nicoise salad (recipe makes two servings, each with 322 total calories)
Toss 1.5 cup potatoes, 2 cups green beans, 1 can tuna, 3 cups lettuce, 1 serving grated cheese, 1 tbsp. olive oil and vinegar to taste.
Afternoon snack
Nonfat Greek-style yogurt with fruit (140 total calories)
Dinner
Shrimp fra diavlo (recipe makes one serving containing 390 total calories)
Saute nine large shrimp in half a tablespoon of olive oil in a nonstick pan until pink; add 1/2 cup crushed tomatoes and red pepper flakes to taste, serve over 2 oz. of cooked whole-wheat spaghetti.
Build Your Own Meal Plan
Using food labels and the USDA Nutrient Database, found at http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/, you can build your own 1,200-calorie meal plan. The database, or any other nutrient content source, helps you identify foods you like that are low in calories and high in nutritional content.
Food logging will help you learn, for example, that while your fish chowder may be tasty with salmon, it's just as good with cod, which contains half the calories. Similarly, you'll find that cereal choices vary widely in the amount of calories they contain.
Armed with a little knowledge, it's easy to build a plan that fits your needs.
Expert Insight
Many popular books and websites recommend against reducing calories to a level that results in weight loss exceeding a pound or two a week, and most also recommend that diet be combined with regular physical activity, so that you burn more calories than you take in on an average day.
In "You on a Diet," authors Michael F. Roizen, MD, and Mehmet C. Oz, MD, write, "Eating isn't all about calories, it's about staying satisfied."
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